The two most average outdoor fiber optic cable installations are perch column aerial installation and underground cable installation. Underground cable installation can be buried directly underground or placed into a buried duct.
Direct burial installation:
Direct burial installations are most general for extensive cross-country installations. The cables are ploughed in or buried in a trench; the installation development can be model quick. The most familiar cables used for conduct burial are steel armoured outdoor fiber cables.
Underground duct installation:
Fiber optic cables can further be pulled on ice underground ducts, which protect the cables from creaking environment. Underground duct installation very provides possibility for coming expansion without the call for to dig. This is the most colloquial familiarity in urban areas. Another extras is that fiber cables without armour can be used which makes the installation still easier.
Preparation before underground cable installation:
1. Chalk up correct right-of-way permits 2. Classify existing underground utilities such as buried cables, pipes 3. Investigate the earth occasion in grouping to figure the installation depth, if duct should be used, the type of fiber cable should be used and plowing accoutrement needed
Cable Burial techniques:
1. Plowed under
Plowing in a fiber cable is faster than trenched. On the other hand this channels has to be carefully monitored to prevent from bad the cable.
2. Trenched
The fiber cable can too be trenched. This manner is slower than plowing in; however, it allows a all the more exceeding controlled cable installation. Trenches can be dug by plam or by machine.
3. Directional boring
Directional ho hum mode is used where the surface cannot be worked on such as high, railroad crossings, etc. Instead, a drab gadget is used to muzzle a many inches breadth gap underneath the surface, a duct is pulling the hole and then fiber cables pulled into the duct.
Important factors:
1. Cable installation depth: up to 40 inches
The profundity that fiber cables should be buried is mean business by the soil conditions and surface usage. In colder areas, fiber cables are typically buried below the frost wrinkle to prevent the cables from continuance damaged by ground frost heaves.
2. Deal in the trenches as straight as possible
Fiber cable trenches should be straight, and the entrenchment backside should be apartment lodgings and level. Backfill can as well be used to distribute the cable load evenly and protect the cables.
3. Fiber cable warning labels should be buried directly above the cable
Fiber optic warning cables are typically buried directly above the cables to warn booked digging operations. Or concrete slabs can be buried below the warning designation on the contrary above the cables to arrange yet extra protection.
4. Whenever conducting armored fiber cables are used, they should be properly grounded
In sincere burial installations, steel armored fiber cables are much chosen for their force and safeguard from rodent bites. A exact critical apparatus to cache in imagination is to properly ground the cables. They should be grounded at all termination points, splices and building entrances. The cable steel armor should be connected to a ground wire using a compression-type clamp. The cable ground wire is then bolted to a nearby ground terminal strip.
5. Fiber optic cable minimum bending radius should always be observed during installation.